Description
The TLD-3A12 antibody specifically recognizes CD31, also known as PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule). CD31 is a ~130 kDa integral membrane glycoprotein, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, that mediates homophilic and heterophilic cell-cell adhesion. CD31 is expressed on endothelial cells, platelets, and subsets of leucocytes. In the human and mouse, multiple alternatively spliced isoforms have been identified, and this alternative splicing may be involved in the regulation of ligand specificity. CD31-mediated endothelial cell-cell interactions are involved in angiogenesis in the mouse and rat. In addition, PECAM-1 has been demonstrated to play an important role in extravasation of leucocytes in vivo, but in vivo treatment with TLD-3A12 mAb had no discernable effect upon the inflammatory infiltrate in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The TLD-3A12 mAb partially blocks the proliferative response of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells to antigen-presenting cells and relevant antigen. This mouse anti-rat CD31 antibody crossreacts with pig endothelial cells and platelets, as determined by immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed frozen sections and immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis, respectively. A suspension of Lewis rat microglial cells was used as the the immunogen.
Immunohistochemistry: The TLD-3A12 antibody is recommended test for immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed frozen sections and zinc-fixed paraffin sections. Tissues tested were rat spleen, thymus and gastro-intestinal tract. The antibody stains endothelial cells of the blood vessels. The isotype control recommended for use with this antibody is Purified Mouse IgG1 κ Isotype Control (Cat. No. 550878). For optimal indirect immunohistochemical staining, the TLD-3A12 antibody should be titrated (1:10 to 1:50 dilution) and visualized via a three-step staining procedure in combination with Biotin Goat Anti-Mouse Ig (Multiple Adsorption) (Cat. No. 550337) as the secondary antibody and Streptavidin-HRP (Cat. No. 550946) together with the DAB Substrate Kit (Cat. No. 550880). More conveniently, the Anti-Mouse Ig HRP Detection Kit (Cat. No. 551011), which contains the biotinylated secondary antibody, the antibody diluent, streptavidin-HRP and a DAB substrate for use in the staining procedure, can be used.
Store undiluted at 4°C. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography.
1. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
2. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
3. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
4. Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
5. This antibody has been developed for the immunohistochemistry application. However, a routine immunohistochemistry test is not performed on every lot. Researchers are encouraged to titrate the reagent for optimal performance.
6. Sodium azide is a reversible inhibitor of oxidative metabolism; therefore, antibody preparations containing this preservative agent must not be used in cell cultures nor injected into animals. Sodium azide may be removed by washing stained cells or plate-bound antibody or dialyzing soluble antibody in sodium azide-free buffer. Since endotoxin may also affect the results of functional studies, we recommend the NA/LE (No Azide/Low Endotoxin) antibody format, if available, for in vitro and in vivo use.
7. Species cross-reactivity detected in product development may not have been confirmed on every format and/or application.
8. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
