Description
The A1 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the Ly-49A[B6] alloantigen, an inhibitory receptor that is expressed on subsets of natural killer (NK) cells and NK-1.1-positive T lymphocytes (NKT cells) in C57BL/6, C57BL/10, and B10 congenic mice, on a population of memory CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK1.1+ γδ T cells in C57BL/6 mice, and on a distinct subset of B-1 cells (CD5+B220[lo]) of C57BL/6 mice. The A1 antibody has also been reported to crossreact with Ly-49ANOD, Ly-49PNOD, Ly-49P129/J, and Ly-49V129/J alloantigens. The proportion of NKT cells expressing Ly-49A is higher (2-5 fold) in thymus than in liver (immature and mature NKT cells, respectively), and there is evidence that the down regulation of Ly-49 receptor expression is necessary for normal NKT cell development to occur. Most NK cells express a single allele of Ly-49A, although occasionally they may express more than one allele. The Ly-49 family of NK-cell receptors, members of the C-type lectin superfamily, are disulfide-linked type-II transmembrane protein homodimers with extracellular carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD) that bind to MHC class I alloantigens. The A1 antibody is specific for the Ly-49A[B6] CRD. The Ly-49 family members are expressed independently, such that an individual NK or T cell may display more than one class of Ly-49 receptor homodimers. The Ly-49A[B6] allonantigen binds to H-2D[d], H-2D[k], and H-2D[p], and the A1 antibody blocks this binding. Binding of Ly-49A[B6] to lyphoblasts expressing MHC class I antigens of the f, q, r, s, and v haplotypes has also been demonstrated. The levels of the Ly-49 inhibitory receptors are down-regulated by their ligands in vivo, and various levels of expression of a Ly-49 inhibitory receptor may affect the specificity of NK cells. In vitro studies suggest that the Ly-49A receptor mediates negative regulation of NK-cell cytolytic activity via tyrosine phosphorylation of its ITIM (Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Inhibitory Motif).
For optimal and reproducible results, BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer should be used anytime two or more BD Horizon Brilliant dyes (including BD OptiBuild Brilliant reagents) are used in the same experiment. Fluorescent dye interactions may cause staining artifacts which may affect data interpretation. The BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer was designed to minimize these interactions. More information can be found in the Technical Data Sheet of the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer (Cat. No. 563794).
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated with BD Horizon BUV661 under optimal conditions that minimize unconjugated dye and antibody.
1. This antibody was developed for use in flow cytometry.
2. The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
3. Researchers should determine the optimal concentration of this reagent for their individual applications.
4. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
5. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
6. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
7. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
8. BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
9. BD Horizon Brilliant Ultraviolet 661 is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,227,187; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
