Description
The L25 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD49d which is also known as Integrin alpha-4 (α4 Integrin) or the alpha chain of the Very-Late Antigen-4 (VLA-4α). CD49d is a ~150 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is encoded by ITGA4 and belongs to the integrin family of cell adhesion molecules. VLA-4, like other integrins, is a noncovalently associated heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of α and β subunits and is involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. The β chain of the VLA-4 complex is the CD29 antigen, a 130 kDa glycoprotein. The CD29 antigen, also known as the β1 subunit, is common to the VLA family of integrins. When acting as a matrix receptor, the CD49d antigen binds to CS-1, an alternatively spliced domain of fibronectin. When functioning as a cell receptor, the CD49d antigen binds to the vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). The interaction between the CD49d antigen and VCAM-1 is known to play an important role in stabilizing the adhesion of lymphocytes to endothelial cells and in mediating B-lymphocyte precursor/bone marrow stromal cell adhesion. The CD49d antigen, when associated with the β7 integrin, forms the α4/β7 integrin lymphocyte homing receptor for Peyer's patches, binding to the mucosal vascular addressin MAdCAM-1. The CD49d antigen is also involved in CD3-dependent CD4+ T-lymphocyte activation via its interaction with fibronectin. The CD49d antigen is primarily expressed on T and B lymphocytes and weakly expressed on monocytes. The L25 antibody can block or enhance fibronectin-stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation. It immunoprecipitates three proteins of 150 kDa, 85 kDa, and 75 kDa under both reducing and nonreducing conditions from HPB-ALL cells, B lymphoblasts, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and IL-2-dependent cell lines.
For optimal and reproducible results, BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer should be used anytime two or more BD Horizon Brilliant dyes (including BD OptiBuild Brilliant reagents) are used in the same experiment. Fluorescent dye interactions may cause staining artifacts which may affect data interpretation. The BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer was designed to minimize these interactions. More information can be found in the Technical Data Sheet of the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer (Cat. No. 563794).
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated with BD Horizon BUV496 under optimal conditions that minimize unconjugated dye and antibody.
1. This antibody was developed for use in flow cytometry.
2. The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
3. Researchers should determine the optimal concentration of this reagent for their individual applications.
4. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
5. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
6. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
7. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
8. BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
9. BD Horizon Brilliant Ultraviolet 496 is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,227,187; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
