Description
The 107-1A4 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes human Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) which is also known as Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), and N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate peptidase I (NAALADase I). PSMA is an ~100 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein. It is comprised of a large extracellular region with protease, apical and C-terminal domains that function in substrate binding and enzymatic activity, a transmembrane region, and a short intracellular N-terminal domain. PSMA is encoded by FOLH1 (Folate hydrolase 1) which belongs to the M28 peptidase family. PSMA is expressed in the brain and by cells in various tissues including the prostate, intestines, testis, bladder, liver, kidney, breast, and ovary. In the intestines, this enzyme functions as a folate hydrolase that cleaves glutamate from dietary folates to facilitate the cellular uptake of folic acid. Through its NAALADase activity, this enzyme also acts in the nervous system to hydrolyze the N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) neuropeptide into NAA and glutamate. This enzyme can thereby modulate excitatory neurotransmission with the release of glutamate which serves as an excitatory neurotransmitter. Overexpression of PSMA by cancer cells, such as prostate cancer cells, may allow for the increased uptake of folates required for rapid cellular division leading to tumor progression. PSMA expression has also been found by some urothelial adenocarcinoma cells and associated with the tumor neovasculature of some tumors as well. The 107-1A4 antibody reportedly recognizes a distinct conformational epitope in the PSMA extracellular domain.
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated to the dye under optimum conditions that minimize unconjugated dye and antibody.
1. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
2. Please observe the following precautions: Absorption of visible light can significantly alter the energy transfer occurring in any tandem fluorochrome conjugate; therefore, we recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to prevent exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to room illumination.
3. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
4. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
5. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
6. Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
7. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
8. Human donor specific background has been observed in relation to the presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies, developed as a result of certain vaccines containing PEG, including some COVID-19 vaccines. We recommend use of BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer in your experiments to help mitigate potential background. For more information visit https://www.bdbiosciences.com/en-us/support/product-notices.
9. Researchers should determine the optimal concentration of this reagent for their individual applications.
10. The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
