Description
The V7.1 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD101 which is also known as P126 or Glu-Trp-Ile EWI motif-containing protein 101 (EWI-101). CD101 is encoded by IGSF2 (Immunoglobulin superfamily member 2) and belongs to the EWI (sharing a conserved glutamine-tryptophan-isoleucine motif) family within the Ig superfamily. CD101 is a ~135-140 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that has a short cytoplasmic domain with potential phosphorylation sites and an extracellular region with seven immunoglobulin-variable (IgV)-like domains. CD101 is expressed as homodimers by granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, and some T cells. Its expression by T cells may be upregulated upon activation through the CD3 complex. CD101 may play a role in TCR/CD3-dependent T-cell activation.
Bead-based compensation or unmixing controls, such as BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™, can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover when bound to fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies. Although these beads have spectral properties similar to cells, variations in spectral emission may occur, resulting in differing spillover values compared to biological controls. Therefore, it is considered best practice to compare the spillover obtained from cells and bead-based controls when using BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™ for the first time, to ensure they are appropriate for the intended application.
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated to the dye under optimum conditions that minimize unconjugated dye and antibody.
1. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
2. Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
3. For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
4. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
5. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
6. The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
7. When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
8. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
9. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
10. Please observe the following precautions: We recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to protect exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to any room illumination. Absorption of visible light can significantly affect the emission spectra and quantum yield of tandem fluorochrome conjugates.
11. Alexa Fluor™ is a trademark of Life Technologies Corporation.
12. Human donor specific background has been observed in relation to the presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies, developed as a result of certain vaccines containing PEG, including some COVID-19 vaccines. We recommend use of BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer in your experiments to help mitigate potential background. For more information visit https://www.bdbiosciences.com/en-us/support/product-notices.
Specifications

General

SourceHuman PDGF-AA, amino acids Ser87-Thr211 (Accession# P04085), was expressed in E. coli.
Molecular MassThe 125 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 14.3 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrates at approximately 15 and 31 kD respectively by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Ser.
Purity> 98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
Formulation0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 4mM HCl.
Endotoxin LevelLess than 0.1 EU per µg protein as determined by the LAL method.
Concentration10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
Storage & HandlingUnopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
ActivityHuman PDGF-AA induces proliferation of NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells in a dose dependent manner with ED50 of 65 - 650 ng/mL.
ApplicationBioassay
Application NotesBioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at [email protected].
StructureHomodimer
DistributionPlatelets produce PDGF-AA. Other cells, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and neuronal progenitors, can also produce PDGF-AA.
FunctionPDGF-A has two isoforms due to alternative splicing which is cell type-specific and is different among organs and tumor cell lines. Expression of PDGF-A can be increased in human uterine smooth muscle cells during the physiological hypertrophy. Expression of PDGF-A can be repressed by glucocorticoid treatment of smooth muscle cells and aging of human fibroblasts.
InteractionSmooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and oligodendrocyte cells.
Ligand/ReceptorPDGFR-αα
BioactivityMeasured by the ability of protein to induce proliferation of NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells.
Cell TypeHematopoietic stem and progenitors, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Neural Stem Cells
Biology AreaAngiogenesis, Cell Biology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Neuroscience Cell Markers, Stem Cells
Molecular FamilyCytokines/Chemokines, Growth Factors
Gene ID5154
UniProtView information about PDGF-AA on UniProt.org
Regulatory StatusRUO
Other NamesPlatelet-Derived Growth Factor-AA, Glioma-derived growth factor, GDGF, Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor, ODGF