Description
The OX-49 antibody reacts with the glycoprotein CD44H (also known as CD44s) expressed on most leukocytes, except for a subset of B lymphocytes, and at greatly increased levels on T- and B-cell blasts. The epitope recognized by OX-49 antibody has been mapped to a region on both the standard, CD44s, and the splice variant, CD44v, isoforms of CD44. However, recent reports indicate that OX-49 antibody cannot detect the CD44v isoform, possibly due to conformational changes in the epitope. CD44 is a cell adhesion receptor, and its ligand, hyaluronate, is a common component of extracellular matrices.
Bead-based compensation or unmixing controls, such as BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™, can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover when bound to fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies. Although these beads have spectral properties similar to cells, variations in spectral emission may occur, resulting in differing spillover values compared to biological controls. Therefore, it is considered best practice to compare the spillover obtained from cells and bead-based controls when using BD® CompBeads or BD™ SpectraComp™ for the first time, to ensure they are appropriate for the intended application.
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze. The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography. The antibody was conjugated to the dye under optimum conditions that minimize unconjugated dye and antibody.
1. Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
2. Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
3. For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
4. Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
5. Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
6. The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
7. When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
8. For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
9. An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
10. Cy is a trademark of Global Life Sciences Solutions Germany GmbH or an affiliate doing business as Cytiva.
11. Please observe the following precautions: We recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to protect exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to any room illumination. Absorption of visible light can significantly affect the emission spectra and quantum yield of tandem fluorochrome conjugates.
12. Tandem fluorochromes contain both an energy donor and an energy acceptor. Although every effort is made to minimize the lot-to-lot variation in the efficiency of the fluorochrome energy transfer, differences in the residual emission from the donor may be observed. Additionally, multi-laser cytometers may directly excite both the donor and acceptor fluorochromes. Therefore, we recommend for every tandem conjugate, a matched individual single-stain control be acquired for generating a compensation or spectral unmixing matrix.
Specifications

General

SourceHuman Galectin 3 amino acids (Ala2-Ile250) (Accession # NP_002297.2) was expressed in E. coli. The amino terminus contains MGSS6HSSGIEGR tag.
Molecular MassThe 266 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 27.8 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrate at approximately 30 kD by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
Purity> 95% by SDS-PAGE gel as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
Formulation0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 20 mM sodium phosphate, 0.5 M NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM 2-Me, 5% sucrose, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin LevelLess than 1.0 EU per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
Concentration10-25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg and larger sizes are bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial.
Storage & HandlingUnopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
ActivityRecombinant human Galectin-3 is able to agglutinate human red blood cells at a minimum effective concentration of 5 µg/ml.
ApplicationBioassay
Application NotesBioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at [email protected].
Product CitationsZhu L, et al. 2023. J Cell Biol. :222. PubMed
StructureMonomer
DistributionExpressed by macrophages and various organs and tissues except by the normal hepatocytes.
FunctionNumerous roles in cellular functions including apoptosis, innate immunity, cell adhesion, T-cell regulation, and tumor metastasis. During IL-8 induced transmigration, Galectin-3 changed in their content and localization when neutrophils adhere to endothelia.
InteractionExtracellular matrix
Ligand/ReceptorBinds to fibronectin, laminin, CEA, LAMPS, 90K/Mac2BP, and MP20.
BioactivityHuman Galectin-3 is able to agglutinate human red blood cells.
Biology AreaApoptosis/Tumor Suppressors/Cell Death, Cell Adhesion, Cell Biology, Cell Motility/Cytoskeleton/Structure, Immunology, Stem Cells
Molecular FamilyAdhesion Molecules
Antigen ReferencesHadari YR, et al. 2000. J. Cell. Sci. 113:2385-97. Dawson H, et al. 2013. Anticancer Res. 33:3053. Newlaczyl AU, Yu LG. 2011. Cancer Lett. 313:123. deFilippi CR, Seliger SL. 2009. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 54:365-7. Henderson N, et al. 2006. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103:5060. Sano H, et al. 2000. J. Immunol. 165:2156. Gao P, et al. 2013. Respir. Res. 14:136. Gil CD, et al. 2006. Cell Biol. Int. 30:338.
Gene ID3958
UniProtView information about Galectin-3 on UniProt.org
Regulatory StatusRUO
Other NamesLectin, Galactoside-Binding, Soluble, 3 (LGALS3), L31, GAL3, MAC2, Carbohydrate-Binding Protein 35 (CBP35), Galactose Binding Protein (GALBP), GALIG, Galactose-Specific Lectin 3