Description
Product Usage Information
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 1:100
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin)
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-ATF-2 (Thr69/71)/ATF-7 (Thr51/53) Antibody detects endogenous levels of ATF-2 only when dually phosphorylated at both Thr69 and Thr71, and ATF-7 only when dually phosphorylated at both Thr51 and Thr53. This antibody does not recognize ATF-2 singly phosphorylated at either Thr69 or Thr71, and this antibody does not recognize ATF-7 singly phosphorylated at either Thr51 or Thr53.
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey
Source / Purification
Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Thr69 and Thr71 of human ATF-2. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.
Background
The transcription factor ATF-2 (also called CRE-BP1) binds to both AP-1 and CRE DNA response elements and is a member of the ATF/CREB family of leucine zipper proteins (1). ATF-2 interacts with a variety of viral oncoproteins and cellular tumor suppressors and is a target of the SAPK/JNK and p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways (2-4). Various forms of cellular stress, including genotoxic agents, inflammatory cytokines, and UV irradiation, stimulate the transcriptional activity of ATF-2. Cellular stress activates ATF-2 by phosphorylation of Thr69 and Thr71 (2-4). Both SAPK and p38 MAPK have been shown to phosphorylate ATF-2 at these sites and in cells transfected with ATF-2. Mutations of these sites result in the loss of stress-induced transcription by ATF-2 (2-4). In addition, mutations at these sites reduce the ability of E1A and Rb to stimulate gene expression via ATF-2 (2). ATF-7 is another member of the ATF/CREB family of leucine zipper proteins (5). Similarly, Thr51 and Thr53 (corresponding to Thr69 and Thr71 of ATF-2, respectively) can be phosphorylated under different conditions (6,7).
Alternate Names
Activating transcription factor 2; activating transcription factor 2 splice variant ATF2-var2; Activating transcription factor 7; ATF-2; ATF2; ATF7; ATFA; cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1; cAMP responsive element binding protein 2, formerly; cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-7; cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; CRE-BP1; CREB-2; CREB2; CREBP1; Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2; Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-7; Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2; HB16; histone acetyltransferase ATF2; MGC111558; MGC57182; Transcription factor ATF-A; TREB7
