Description
Product Usage Information
For optimal ChIP results, use 5 μl of antibody and 10 μg of chromatin (approximately 4 x 10 6 cells) per IP. This antibody has been validated using SimpleChIP ® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kits.
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Immunoprecipitation: 1:100
Chromatin IP: 1:100
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, Chromatin IP
Specificity / Sensitivity
SMAD1 (D59D7) XP
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Monkey
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser190 of human SMAD1 protein.
Background
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute a large family of signaling molecules that regulate a wide range of critical processes including morphogenesis, cell-fate determination, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (1,2). BMP receptors are members of the TGF-β superfamily of Ser/Thr kinase receptors. Ligand binding induces multimerization, autophosphorylation, and activation of these receptors (3-5). They subsequently phosphorylate SMAD1 at Ser463 and Ser465 in the carboxy-terminal motif SSXS, as well as SMAD5 and SMAD9 (SMAD8) at their corresponding sites. These phosphorylated SMADs dimerize with the coactivating SMAD4 and translocate to the nucleus, where they regulate the transcription of target genes (5). MAP kinases and CDKs 8 and 9 are also reported to phosphorylate residues in the linker region of SMAD1, including Ser206. Phosphorylation of SMAD1 at Ser206 recruits Smurf1 to the linker region and leads to the degradation of SMAD1 (6). Phosphorylation at this site also promotes SMAD1 transcriptional activity by recruiting YAP to the linker region (7).
Alternate Names
BSP-1; BSP1; hSMAD1; JV4-1; JV41; MAD homolog 1; Mad-related protein 1; MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1; MADH1; MADR1; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 1; Mothers against DPP homolog 1; SMAD 1; SMAD family member 1; SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 1; SMAD1; TGF-beta signaling protein 1; transforming growth factor-beta signaling protein 1; Transforming growth factor-beta-signaling protein 1
