Description
Product Usage Information
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Immunoprecipitation: 1:100
Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry): 1:200
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized): 1:200
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. For a carrier free (BSA and azide free) version of this product see product # 29873 .
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry), Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized)
Specificity / Sensitivity
Integrin alpha4 (D2E1) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total integrin α4 protein.
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser1027 of human integrin α4 protein.
Background
Integrins are α/β heterodimeric cell surface receptors that play a pivotal role in cell adhesion and migration, as well as in growth and survival (1,2). The integrin family contains at least 18 α and 8 β subunits that form 24 known integrins with distinct tissue distribution and overlapping ligand specificities (3). Integrins not only transmit signals to cells in response to the extracellular environment (outside-in signaling), but also sense intracellular cues to alter their interaction with the extracellular environment (inside-out signaling) (1,2). A pair of important α4 integrins, α4β1 and α4β7, interact with VCAM-1, fibronectin, and MAdCAM-1 at cell adhesions (3). Gene knockout and antibody blocking research reveal that α4 integrins play important roles in embryonic liver and heart development and in fetal lymphocyte homing (4-6). Phosphorylation at Ser988 within the cytoplasmic tail of integrin α4 blocks binding to paxillin and promotes leading edge migration (7,8). On SDS-PAGE, integrin α4 can migrate at several different apparent molecular sizes, a 150 kDa mature protein and a 140 kDa precursor protein (a 180 kDa protein also exists under mild non-reducing conditions) (9). Integrin α4 has a cleavage site at Arg558, which results in a small portion of the protein as either an 80 kDa N-terminal or 70 kDa C-terminal fragment (10).
Alternate Names
269C wild type; alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor; antigen CD49D, alpha-4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor; CD49 antigen-like family member D; CD49D; IA4; integrin alpha 4; Integrin alpha-4; integrin alpha-4 subunit; Integrin alpha-IV; integrin subunit alpha 4; integrin, alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor); ITA4; ITGA4; MGC90518; very late activation protein 4 receptor, alpha 4 subunit; VLA-4 subunit alpha
