Description
Product Usage Information
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Immunoprecipitation: 1:200
IHC Leica Bond: 1:100 - 1:400
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 1:100 - 1:400
Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry): 1:200 - 1:400
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized): 1:100 - 1:200
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. For a carrier free (BSA and azide free) version of this product see product # 63815 .
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, IHC Leica Bond, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry), Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized)
Specificity / Sensitivity
PD-1 (Intracellular Domain) (D4W2J) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total PD-1 protein.
Species Reactivity: Human
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ala274 of human PD-1 protein.
Background
The programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1, PDCD1, CD279) is a member of the CD28 family of immunoreceptors that regulate T cell activation and immune responses (1-3). The PD-1 protein contains an extracellular Ig V domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail that includes an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM). PD-1 is activated by the cell surface ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 (4). Upon activation, PD-1 ITIM and ITSM phosphorylation leads to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, which suppress TCR signaling (5-7). In addition to activated T cells, PD-1 is expressed in activated B cells and monocytes, although its function in these cell types has not been fully characterized (8). The PD-1 pathway plays an important role in immune tolerance (3); however, research studies show that cancer cells often adopt this pathway to escape immune surveillance (9). Consequently, blockade of PD-1 and its ligands is proving to be a sound strategy for neoplastic intervention (10).
Alternate Names
CD279; hPD-1; hPD-l; hSLE1; PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; programmed cell death 1; programmed cell death 1 protein; Programmed cell death protein 1; Protein PD-1; SLEB2; systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility 2
