Description
Product Usage Information
Western Blotting: 1:1000
Simple Western™: 1:50 - 1:250
Immunoprecipitation: 1:100
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 1:400 - 1:1600
Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized): 1:400 - 1:1600
Storage
Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/mL BSA, 50% glycerol, and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.
Protocol
Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized)
Specificity / Sensitivity
Phospho-ATP-Citrate Lyase (Ser455) (F4T8R) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of ATP-citrate lyase protein only when phosphorylated at Ser455 (equivalent to Ser454 in rat). Nonspecific plasma membrane staining was observed in a subset of tissues by immunohistochemistry.
Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Source / Purification
Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser455 of human ATP-citrate lyase protein.
Background
ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) is a homotetramer that catalyzes the formation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate (OAA) in the cytosol, which is the key step for the biosynthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, and acetylcholine, as well as for gluconeogenesis (1). Nutrients and hormones regulate the expression level and phosphorylation of ATP-citrate lyase (1,2). It is phosphorylated by GSK-3 on Thr446 and Ser450 (3). Ser455 of ATP-citrate lyase has been reported to be phosphorylated by PKA and Akt (4,5). Phosphorylation on Ser455 abolishes the homotropic allosteric regulation by citrate and enhances the catalytic activity of the enzyme (2). ATP-citrate lyase is also critical in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). α-synuclein mutations activate ATP-citrate lyase, leading to elevated cytoplasmic p300 activity. Hyperactivation of cytoplasmic p300 subsequently promotes mTORC1 signaling to inhibit autophagy, causing the aggregation of α-synuclein (6).
Alternate Names
ACL; ACLY; ATP citrate lyase; ATP-citrate (pro-S-)-lyase; ATP-citrate synthase; ATPCL; Citrate cleavage enzyme; CLATP
